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as an impulsive, enthusiatic ADHD HOT MESS, I JUMPED INTO HAVING RABBITS WITHOUT DOING ALL THE RESEARCH.
I don’t recommend it. It’s very irresponsible. Like, all’s well that end’s well, but honestly, a touch of caution and research would have served me well.
I wasn’t fully uninformed. Obviously, I was willing to learn and would absolutely provide my rabbits with the best of everything. You all know I have a track record for spoiling the HECK out of my pets. I had been a volunteer at a shelter serving our wild and overgrown feral, domestic rabbit population for years. Small animal nutrition is my jam. I had fostered and had several absolutely lovely bunny beans in my home to experience first hand. I was extremely well versed on the space requirements for rabbits. (Which let me tell you are WAY more space than anyone assumes. We recommend a space 4 ft. long x 4 ft wide minimum with enough space to hop 3-4 times uninterrupted. My spoiled little guys have free reign of an entire room.)
So I didn’t go into it blind.
but I definitely didn’t go into it knowing exactly every single thing my rabbits would need to thrive.
There are so many way to provide enrichment for your from toys to tricks and everything in between. Did you know you can teach rabbits to do tricks?! Yeah, it’s super cool and Puffin is very impressive. The key to great, species appropriate enrichment is to identify the natural skills your pet would display if they were self sufficient. Then provide opportunities to use those skills. Think about things like:
– how to encourage them to use all their senses
– engage their brains
– get active
– fulfill social needs
– make feeding more interactive.
Enrichment through feeding is one of the best ways to keep your rabbit healthy and engaged. And while those of us who had rabbits growing up might think that all rabbits need are pellets and hay, this is wildly inaccurate! Rabbits do need unlimited access to hay and there’s no harm in providing a small amount of species-appropriate pellets, but they only thrive when they’re served a diverse diet full of leafy greens, safe vegetables, edible flowers and when they can use foraging behaviours.
What is foraging behaviour?
For domestic pets, foraging is giving them a change to display natural behaviours by creating ways to let them find their own food sources. In the wild rabbits spend a huge portion of their days looking for food and they’re considered to be “gourmet” foragers meaning they don’t just look foir plants that are edible, they look for the tastiest, most nutritious parts of those plants choosing the perfect leaves, digging for the roots, or chewing bark depending on what plants they’ve found.
I am so lucky to be living in a spot where we don’t just have the space for ample bunny gardens, but also a climate that means our growing season is long. And there are tons of ways to preserve your summer harvest, so it will serve your bunnies all winter long. And when my favourite bunny treats are climbing to $10 a box (worth it but wow), being able to lean into making more rabbit treats at home is a huge win.
Rabbits need fresh produce to have a nutritionally complete, well rounded diet.
Did you know that the stereotypical rabbit with a carrot is not actually very good for them? Fresh carrots contain a lot of natural sugars and while they’re a healthy part of human diets, they should be treated like a treat in rabbit diets.
What bunnies really needs is 1-2 cups of fresh, dark, leafy greens per every four lbs of body weight every darn day. That’s a lot of produce – and in this grocery market – I am so lucky to be able to grow a lot of it at home.
How to create the perfect forage garden for your rabbitS
Decide what kind of garden space you want
- Find a dedicated space – or dedicated spaces if your bunny is SUPER spoiled. The key is to group rabbit-safe plants together, so everything they could potentially eat in the space is safe and healthy for them.
- Choose a garden format that works for you. We have several raised garden beds that allow me to create small spaces filled with rabbit appropriate plants, but also keep them small and manageable, but this is in no way required! You can grow a bunny garden directly in the ground, in raised beds, or even in containers. The space works for you; you don’t work for the space so use what you have and what makes sense for your home.
Make your garden safe for your bunny to spend time in
Rabbits are prey animals meaning they startle easily, run fast, and hide well. You don’t want to take them outside to enjoy themselves and then lose them or let them get sick or injured. My worst nightmare honestly and what kept me from bringing them outside for a long time, but in the end? Both Puffin and Otter are SO DANG HAPPY outside that I think the potential risks are worth the benefits to their quality of life, as long as I do it thoughtfully.
Keep them from escaping
- I love using garden fences on stakes to add fencing around my garden. They’re easy to pup into the ground when needed and they pull out so easily when they’re not.
Other great options include
– foldable baby or pet fences
– rodent wire screen (but not chicken wire) fencing
– or, if you have a super agreeable bunny like Puff? A bunny safe leash and harness.The leash and harness are definitely the trickiest, You need the calmest, most stable bunny to make this safe. Jumping and pulling on a leash can be very hard on a bunny’s neck and lead to injury quickly. If you want to try it, always proceed with caution and make sure you’ve trained thoroughly and well before moving outside. These tips can help.
KEEP YOUR BUNNIES SAFE FROM PREDATORS
For a lot of other animals, your rabbit kind of looks like a tasty snack. No one has ever told Puffin he’s edible and his absolute overconfidence when he’s out in the yard knowns no bounds, so it’s on me to ensure he is safe from other animals. Knowing what predators there are in your area is key to knowing how to best protect your rabbit.
BIG LAND ANIMALS
Starting with a great fence is never a bad first step, if your property makes that possible and your budget allows for it. This gives you an extra way to keep out animals. Where we are is alive with tons of diverse wildlife. It’s not rare to see deer in our neighbor’s yard or our driveway. There is a cougar who comes and goes. I’ve never seen one in my neighborhood, but there are apparently bears. Even neighborhood dogs could be a danger to your bunny. I appreciate the barrier the yard’s fence gives us.
SMALL LAND ANIMALS
it’s definitely harder to keep out smaller animals like cats, raccoons, squirrels and rats. Don’t underestimate them though – many of these animals will fight your bunny if given a chance. Since I can’t exactly prevent these crafty little critters, I supervise my bunnies 100% of the time when we’re in the yard. If a small menace should wander into the yard, I can intervene long before there’s a risk.
- Birds, birds, birds
These are honestly my biggest worry. Especially living on Vancouver Island where we are so. darn. close to a large bird sanctuary. A bird scooping up teeny tiny Puffin who doesn’t have an ounce of self-preservation in his adorable little orb of a body is my nightmare. Hawks, eagles – even crows – can grab a bunny if they’re desperate enough.
Last summer my awesome roommate made the buns an outdoor enclosure space that had a rodent wire top keeping them fully enclosed and safe and I’m so grateful. I’d LOVE to create a larger outdoor area for them with bird net, but until then, this is another supervision is key issue for me.
PROTECT YOUR RABBITS FROM DISEASES AND PETS
- If there is one super scary, very contagious, hard to control the spread viral rabbit disease that scares me – it’s RHD and RHD2. Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease is highly contagious and almost always fatal with mortality rates up to 95%. It’s been popping up in both wild and domestic rabbit communities all over Europe and North American – including in our town. I would never risk taking my bunnies outside without ensuring they were up to date on their RHD vaccinations.
- Rabbits are also susceptible to fleas, ticks and mites – just like your cat or dog. It’s not common to put them on a preventative.Given how small they are and how sensitive their systems are? I’d be reluctant to anyway. I rely on wiping them with a pet-safe scent based bug repellent wipe before we go out. Then, I brush them out thoroughly with a nit comb when we come in. I also…lint roll them for a little something extra which sounds so silly but works great.
Choose your plants wisely – not all flowers, veggies or fruits are safe and healthy for your rabbit.
Our rabbit garden in a mix of the staples – dark leafy greens and fresh herbs, the veggies that are frequently fed fan favs around here and then, mixed with a few fun things like fruit plants and edible flowers.
Dark, leafy greens that can and should make up a large part of your bunny’s daily diet.
Rabbits love leaves. However, not all leaves are created equal. Some are great to feed all the time, some should be given occasionally and some should be avoided altogether since they’re not really as nutritious as you might think.
Grow these and feed them daily:
Romaine lettuce
Argula (aka Rocket)
Bok Choy
Dandelion Greens
Green Leaf Lettuce
Red leaf Lettuce
Butter Lettuce
Fennel – both the leafy top and the base
wheatgrass
Radicchio
Endive
Plant some of these greens and feed them occasionally:
Spinach
Kale
Collard Greens
Beet Greens (not the beets)
Carrot tops (not the carrots)
Don’t feed:
Iceberg lettuce – it lacks nutritional value and can cause tummy upset and gastro issues
Vibrant fresh herbs and aromatics that tickle your bunny’s sense of smell and provide additional nutrients are a great addition to your rabbit’s diet
Grow these and feed them often:
Cilantro
Dill
Mint (plant this one in containers unless you want mint to take over your yard and your life)
Parsley
Basil
Plant a bit of these and feed them occasionally:
Oregano
Rosemary
Thyme
Lemon Balm
Tarragon
Non-LeafY VEGETABLES that Bunnies go wild for
Plant these and share them often:
Bell Peppers – any colour but my two go the craziest for red peppers
Summer Squash
Zucchini
Snow Peas or Snap Peas
Grow these and share them occasionally:
Celery
Pumpkin
Brussel spout
Broccoli
Kohlrabi
PRETTY EDIBLE FLOWERS that you can feed to your rabbits
These flowers are great to plant and your bunnies will love munching on them
Sunflowers (skip the seeds, they’re too high in fat – stiick to petals and leaves)
Pansies
Roses (the petals and leaves – not the pokey parts!)
Marigold (Calendula)
Nasturtium
Chamomile
Flowers to avoid:
Azaleas
Buttercups
Poppies
Tulips
RABBIT FREINDLY FRUITS that you can grow in your yard.
We can’t all have fruit trees in out yards – but we can grow several types of fruit that are safe to share with your bunnies as an occasional treat. Fruit is pretty high in sugar for their little bouncy bodies, so you want to offer these in moderation.
Plant these fruits to share with your bunny:
Strawberries – the leaves and berries
Blueberries – the leaves and berries
Melons
Raspberries – the leaves and fruit, but not the pokey parts
If you have the space and too much time on your hands, plant these trees
Apple – Remove the seeds for safety; the wood also makes a great rabbit chew
Pear – Remove the seeds for safety; the wood also makes a great rabbit chew
Plums – Remove the seed; wood is not bunny safe
Peaches – Remove the seed; wood is not bunny safe
Cherries – Remove all pits; the wood is not bunny safe
You don’t have to plant all – or even most – of these things to have an amazing bunny garden
Scale the ideas to the space you have! If what you’ve got is a deck and a couple big pots – plant a little salad garden or an herb garben- you’ll get the most us out of it! Plant them a few weeks apart, so as you start to use up one, the other is ready to go.
If you have tons of space – plant as many things as you want to take care of! There are no rules about how much or how big of a variety you need – you just need a little space, a little desire, and a hungry bunny – or in my case two.